Health officials have sounded the alarm over a “highly contagious virus outbreak” that is currently affecting 57 countries – including the UK. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a level one Travel Health Notice (THN), calling for locals in affected regions and travellers to adhere to stringent hygiene practices.
The most recent THN concerns a global rise in measles cases, with The CDC reporting: “Many international destinations are reporting increased numbers of cases of measles.”
Those most at risk are people who haven’t been given full vaccination two weeks before travelling or those going abroad who have never contracted measles, reports the Mirror. International travellers are being urged to follow official advice.
THN alerts are reserved for international health threats, resulting from disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or other significant events. They aim to help travellers protect themselves from health hazards and infections.
A THN can be issued in response to a disease outbreak within a specific country or region, isolated cases of a disease appearing in new areas, environmental health dangers arising from natural or man-made disasters, or large-scale events that could trigger disease spread.
The CDC advises that all international travellers should receive the complete measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine series, including an early dose for infants aged 6–11 months, in line with their recommendations for measles vaccinations and international travel.
The public health agency has also issued a stark warning for travellers displaying symptoms such as a rash, high fever, cough, runny nose, or red, watery eyes to promptly seek medical help. The CDC’s statement reads: “Measles is highly contagious. Travellers with suspected measles should notify the healthcare facility before visiting so staff can implement precautions to prevent spread within the facility.”
According to the CDC, there are four different Travel Health Notices (THNs) levels that indicate the severity of health threats.
Measles is a highly infectious virus, residing in the mucus of an infected person’s nose and throat, spreading through coughing and sneezing, with the ability to remain airborne or on surfaces long after the individual has left an area. Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face can result in infection.
Individuals with measles are contagious from about four days before to four days after the rash onset, and symptoms typically include a maculopapular rash, high fever, along with respiratory issues like coughing, a runny nose, or red, watery eyes.
This disease is a significant health hazard to people of all ages, capable of causing serious complications such as pneumonia and fatal outcomes. High-risk groups include children under five, adults above 20, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immune systems due to conditions like leukaemia or HIV.
Typical complications of the infection include ear infections and diarrhoea. In more severe cases, it can lead to pneumonia and encephalitis – a brain infection.
According to the NHS, the condition usually clears up within around seven days. Following a consultation with a doctor, there are a number of ways to alleviate the symptoms and lower the risk of transmission.
What is the current situation?
The CDC cautions that measles remains a significant threat on a global scale. A total of 57 countries, including the UK, are experiencing high rates of transmission.
Measles can spread rapidly and poses a threat to travellers visiting destinations not listed above. As a result, the CDC advises that individuals travelling internationally should ensure they have received full vaccination against measles.
How can you protect yourself and those around you?
The CDC advises: “Travellers are at risk of measles if they have not been fully vaccinated two weeks prior to departure and travel internationally. Vaccination with a measles-containing vaccine is the best way to make sure that you are protected.
“Infants six through 11 months of age should receive one dose of MMR vaccine. Infants who had one dose of MMR vaccine before their first birthday should follow the recommended schedule and get another dose at 12–15 months and a final dose at 4–6 years.”
When gearing up for international travel, ensure measles immunity is ticked off your list. “Children 12 months of age and older, teenagers, and adults who do not have presumptive evidence of immunity against measles should receive two doses of MMR vaccine separated by at least 28 days. If the child received a first dose with measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV), they should wait 3 months before their second dose.”
Planning a globetrotting adventure?
Make sure your vaccinations are up to scratch. Get in touch with a healthcare professional six weeks prior to departure, especially if you need your measles jab.
Some might need to skip or delay vaccination, so it’s best to have that conversation sooner rather than later.
For a deep dive into the specifics, including safety concerns or further info for aid workers and travellers, head on over to reliable sources like the CDC Measles Homepage or check out the various Vaccine Information Statements available online.